Extracellular Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Bacillus Sp. Gp-23 and Its Antifungal Activity towards Fusarium Oxysporum

In the recent years, noble nanoparticles are considered important in the field of biology, medicine and electronics owing to their unique particle size and shape dependent physical, chemical and biological properties. The nanoparticles have been synthesized by using toxic chemical and high energy physical procedures. To overcome this problem, biological materials have been used for the synthesis of various metal and oxide nanoparticles. Among the metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has received much attention in various fields, such as antimicrobial activity [187], therapeutics [288], bio molecular detection, silver nanocoated medical devices [240] and optical receptor [241]. Recently The synthesized nanoparticles (2 mM) using the cow milk can significantly inhibit (87.1%, 86.5%, and 83.5%) the growth of phytopathogens such as Colletotrichum coccodes, Monilinia sp., and Pyricularia sp [262]. Hence, biogenic approach, in particular the usage of natural organisms has offered a reliable, simple, nontoxic and environmental friendly method [193].